Firstly, Baudrillard’s interpretation of simulacra will be analysed in ‘The three orders of simulacra’ in Symbolic, Exchange and Death and ‘the Hyperreal and the Imaginary’ in Simulacra and Simulation. It will be argued that the simulacrum plays an important role as it undermines the role of the One and enables an emphasis on multiplicity and plurality in its place. This dissertation will focus upon on the relation of simulacra and the soul in the philosophies of Jean Baudrillard and Gilles Deleuze. As we face of an increasingly absurd sociopolitical reality, perhaps we must also take a stance of ‘total defeat’ and, as per Slavoj Žižek and Jean Baudrillard, find new ‘Master-Signifiers’. It is in the total defeat that we acknowledge the failure of democracy and capitalism, rather than petitioning to its moral framework which serves to shroud its functional dysfunctionality. Lab and Baudrillard’s strategies of total defeat are the only effective strategies in combating the simulacrum and the Internet as a structure of power. Lab’s hacktivist tactics wield the media’s own logic against itself, or reinforce the simulational logic of the system they were attempting to topple? F.A.T. Is there possibility for the digital technology, the Internet, and the realm of representation to still serve as avenues towards political subversion within what Baudrillard terms ‘the hyperreal’? Has the political sphere, the social, the logic of fact and the order of reason, truly disappeared, or is Baudrillard’s own theory simulational in its creation of a ‘media theology’? Does democracy still have something to offer or does its functionality lay precisely in its failures? Have we truly lost all alternatives, are we stuck in a simulacrum, or does Baudrillard underestimate the subject’s own powers of mediation and agency? Did F.A.T. In the face of the simulacrum’s logic, Baudrillard took a similar approach through his ‘fatal’ strategy. The Free Art & Technology Lab art collective, who had been championing a free and participative culture through their support of open source software, announced their closure and ‘total defeat’ in 2015 in the face of a loss of a stake in the future of the Internet.
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